Through comparison on several methods used to define the nominal tariff rate , the author suggest that the method of defining the nominal tariff rate through the necessary added value for each industry is suitable for china 通過(guò)比較幾種確定名義關(guān)稅稅率的方法,認(rèn)為依據(jù)行業(yè)所必需的增值額逆算出名義關(guān)稅稅率的方法是適合于我國(guó)的方法。
Tariff structure is related to the effective rate of protection ( erp ) , gradually increasing tariff structure means that erp often is higher than nominal tariff rate , but the special national situation in china makes for not simply using the tariff upgrade theory directly . we need to assort with the nominal tariff rate of various commodities based on the principle of " providing " necessary " protection to the most needed industry " , henceforward realize tariff upgrade on such a basis . at the same time , we have to carry out low erp , or even negative protection on some industries , which do n ' t even need protection relatively 關(guān)稅結(jié)構(gòu)影響著關(guān)稅的有效保護(hù)率,逐級(jí)而升的關(guān)稅結(jié)構(gòu)表示有效保護(hù)率通常大于名義關(guān)稅率,但我國(guó)的特有國(guó)情決定了我國(guó)不能簡(jiǎn)單地套用關(guān)稅升級(jí)理論,而應(yīng)依據(jù)“給予最需要保護(hù)的產(chǎn)業(yè)以其‘必需’的保護(hù)”這一原則來(lái)協(xié)調(diào)稅則中各種商品的名義稅率,在此基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)現(xiàn)關(guān)稅升級(jí),同時(shí)不得不對(duì)某些相對(duì)不是特別需要保護(hù)的產(chǎn)業(yè)實(shí)行較低的有效保護(hù)率,甚至是負(fù)保護(hù)。
Theoretical analysis applied game theory model and correlate analysis to verify conclusions about the influence of its variation on industrial concentration and product differentiation . conclusions of this paper : nominal tariff rates show negative correlations with industrial concentration whereas non - tariff barriers show positive correlations ; increase of non - tariff barriers will enlarge the differences between imported and native goods in a short period and the mentioned differences may be erased by technological advance made by import nations in a long time 最終結(jié)論:名義關(guān)稅稅率變動(dòng)與產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度變動(dòng)呈現(xiàn)負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系;非關(guān)稅壁壘變動(dòng)與產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度變動(dòng)呈現(xiàn)正相關(guān)關(guān)系;非關(guān)稅壁壘的增高會(huì)在短期內(nèi)加大進(jìn)口品與國(guó)產(chǎn)品的差異程度;如果長(zhǎng)期內(nèi)非關(guān)稅壁壘不發(fā)生變化,差異程度將趨于消失,消失的過(guò)程表現(xiàn)為出口國(guó)對(duì)技術(shù)壁壘的跨越和產(chǎn)品差異與國(guó)外的趨同。